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Block matrix : ウィキペディア英語版
Block matrix

In mathematics, a block matrix or a partitioned matrix is a matrix which is ''interpreted'' as having been broken into sections called blocks or submatrices. Intuitively, a matrix interpreted as a block matrix can be visualized as the original matrix with a collection of horizontal and vertical lines which break it out, or partition it, into a collection of smaller matrices. Any matrix may be interpreted as a block matrix in one or more ways, with each interpretation defined by how its rows and columns are partitioned.
This notion can be made more precise for an n by m matrix M by partitioning n into a collection rowgroups, and then partitioning m into a collection colgroups. The original matrix is then considered as the "total" of these groups, in the sense that the (i,j) entry of the original matrix corresponds in a 1-to-1 way with some (s,t) offset entry of some (x,y), where x \in \mathit and y \in \mathit.
==Example==

The matrix
:\mathbf = \begin
1 & 1 & 2 & 2\\
1 & 1 & 2 & 2\\
3 & 3 & 4 & 4\\
3 & 3 & 4 & 4\end
can be partitioned into 4 2×2 blocks
:\mathbf_ = \begin
1 & 1 \\
1 & 1 \end, \mathbf_ = \begin
2 & 2\\
2 & 2\end, \mathbf_ = \begin
3 & 3 \\
3 & 3 \end, \mathbf_ = \begin
4 & 4\\
4 & 4\end.
The partitioned matrix can then be written as
:\mathbf = \begin
\mathbf_ & \mathbf_\\
\mathbf_ & \mathbf_\end.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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